Preparation and Properties of soap

Materials and Apparatus: Olive oil, 95% ethanol, recepticle, half sodium hydroxide arrangement, Boucher adjust, hot plate, salt arrangement, attractive stirrer, channel pipe, glass pole, channel paper, gauging balance, watch glass and estimating chamber. From the graph above, we can obviously observe that the ionic (profoundly polar and charges) natures of salts makes them dissolvable in water. Be that as it may, the non-polar hydrocarbon (aliphatic) tail of the cleanser atoms would make them be miscible with non-polar substances and empower them to disintegrate in water.Normally, strong cleansers are comprise of sodium salts of unsaturated fats and fluid cleansers comprise of potassium salts of unsaturated fats. Cleanser can be set up by a procedure known as determination. Truly, cleansers were made by heating up the fat of creature, lye and in a watery Noah and KOCH arrangement containing potash. Obviously, this was quite a while prior before anybody had any thought of understandin g the synthetic changes. Presently, we realize that this procedure is a response of esters with a solid base, for example, KOCH or Noah.The esters, triglycerides are the fundamental constituents of vegetable oil and creature fats. The triglyceride is a trim-ester join 3 long unsaturated fat hydrocarbon chain. At the point when triglyceride responds with 3 counterparts solid fluid base arrangement, for example, Noah or KOCH, the three ester securities are hydroxide to yield 3 unsaturated fat salts (cleanser particles) and one glycerol. The detail can likewise be called â€Å"base hydrolysis†. Modernly, cleanser is made by response of Noah along with vegetable fat. It is pivotal to use enough Noah to ensure a total detail Of triglycerides.If there is inadequate base, time and warmth gave, at that point the outcome would be deficient particular and the cleanser item can be extremely fragile. On the off chance that the determination is finished, Nasal is added to encourage the cl eanser. The watery part is emptied off. The rest of the substance would be unrefined cleanser which contains a few polluting influences, for example, Nasal, Noah or glycerol. In the lab, we need more an ideal opportunity to refine the unrefined cleanser. This filtration would comprise of re-dissolving the cleanser in bubbling water and afterward cooling and encouraging again by including Nasal.The cleanser in the investigation would be made out from olive oil, the concoction structure of olive oil (C52H9606) would be this way: Procedure: 1 . About ml Olive Oil was added to a mall_ measuring glass and broke down it in ml of 95% ethanol. Extreme oil was not used to keep away from extra ethanol to break down it. 2. At the point when the olive oil was totally broken up, the measuring glass was put on the hot plate and the temperature was kept up to about ICC. The jar was whirled to blend the arrangement. Next, ml of half Noah arrangement was poured down the glass-blending bar introducti on the oil solution.A modest quantity of the Noah arrangement was streamed down the bar gradually and afterward halted to mix. At that point, somewhat more Noah was streamed in. The Noah arrangement was not filled the oil too rapidly. This was because of the explanation that pouring the Noah arrangement also rapidly Will make the oil separate from the Noah arrangement, and the last item would be disappointment. The blend was mixed until it thickened. We needed to abstain from getting a blend with 2 particular layers Noah arrangement on the base and oil on the top.When 2 unmistakable layers are shaping, it was mixed enthusiastically utilizing attractive stirrer until the fluids are all around mixed. 3. A little watch glass was set over the mouth of the cup to limit dissipation of the liquor. 4. The oil-alcoholic-Noah arrangement was permitted to bubble for at any rate 30 minutes. The undisclosed fat in the flagon and understood by including somewhat more ethanol and blended. The temp erature was kept sufficiently hot to have controlled bubbling of the fat arrangement. 5. While the determination continued, a salt arrangement was set up by totally dissolving go Nasal in 1 00 ml refined water in a shopping center beaker.After he salt was totally broken down, about portion of this salt arrangement was moved to another measuring utencil and the two recepticles of salt arrangement was put on ice to cool them. 6. Following 30 minutes, the fat arrangement was tried to check whether determination was finished by setting a couple of drops of the arrangement in a test container of refined eater. At the point when the fat beads glided to the top, the determination was not finished and permitted it to bubble for an extra 10 minutes. 7. At the point when the determination was finished, the hot response blend was emptied cautiously into one measuring glass of salt arrangement and mixed for a moment or two.

Gender of Animals in Spanish

Sex of Animals in Spanish In the event that you feel that manly things in Spanish are constantly utilized with alluding to guys and ladylike things when alluding to females, your presumption would not be right - particularly when discussing creatures. Like most things, the names for about all creatures are either manly or ladylike. For instance, the word for giraffe, jirafa is ladylike, and it very well may be utilized when alluding to any giraffe, regardless of whether male or female. So also, rinoceronte is manly, and it very well may be utilized to allude to rhinoceroses of either sex. The equivalent is finished with individuals. El humano (human) is manly in any event, when alluding to a lady or young lady, and la persona (individual) is ladylike in any event, when alluding to a man or kid. Creatures With Sex-Differentiated Names A few creatures have various names for each sex. For instance, a perro is a male canine, and a perra is a female pooch or bitch. The names dont must be so comparable: a bovine is una vaca, while a bull is un toro, despite the fact that they allude to similar types of creature. As in these models, it is normal, despite the fact that not all inclusive, for creatures with sex-separated names in Spanish to have separated names in English also. Some different creatures with various names for the genders are: el lagarto (male reptile), la lagarta (female lizard)el elefante (male elephant), la elefanta (female elephant)el caballo (steed), la yegua (mare)el carnero (slam), la oveja (sheep)el gallo (chicken), la gallina (hen)el macho (buck), la cabra (caretaker goat) By and large, the manly structure can be thought of as the default name for the kind of species. Along these lines on the off chance that you dont know whether a feline is male or female, its fine to allude to it as un gato. However, a feline known to be female can be alluded to as una gata. Gatherings of Animals On account of creatures whose names shift with the sex, in the event that you have a gathering of creatures, some female and some male, they ought to be alluded to by the manly plural: therefore los gatos or los perros. Be that as it may, if the name of the creature is perpetually female, the ladylike should at present be utilized: las jirafas (in any event, for a gathering of guys) or las araã ±as (bugs). In a not many situations where each sex has an alternate name - they incorporate vaca, cabra, and oveja - the ladylike structure can be pluralized to speak to a gathering. (The equivalent can be valid in English, as steers may casually be alluded to as dairy animals regardless of whether bulls are a piece of the blend.) Macho/Hembra In the event that you have to demonstrate the sex of a creature with an undifferentiated name, you can include the word macho for male or hembra for female: la jirafa hembra, the female giraffela jirafa macho, the male giraffeel dinosaurio macho, the male dinosaurel dinosaurio hembra, the female dinosaur Note that macho and hembra, in any case, are customarily viewed as either things or perpetual descriptive words. In this manner they don't change in structure with sex or number: las jirafas hembra, the female giraffeslas jirafas macho, the male giraffes In spite of the fact that treating macho and hembra as perpetual descriptive words is the linguistically protected activity, all things considered, speakers regularly make them plural. You should adhere to the conventional structure in formal composition, notwithstanding. Individual Names When alluding to creatures with individual names, (for example, pets), you should utilize descriptive words whose sex coordinates the given name of the creature when utilizing that name as the subject of a sentence: Pablo, la jirafa ms alta del zoo, est enfermo. (Pablo, the zoos tallest giraffe, is sick.)Su hmster negro se llama Elena. Elena es muy guapa. (His dark hamster is named Elena. Elena is beautiful. Note the adjustment in language structure contingent upon whether the classification name or given name is the syntactic subject.) Key Takeaways The class or species names for most creatures are either manly or ladylike, and the sexual orientation for the creature name is utilized whether a particular creature in male or female.Some creatures have separate names for each sex, for example, a cow being una vaca and a bull being un toro.When the subject of a sentence is the individual name of a creature, such a pet, the going with modifiers should coordinate the creatures sex as opposed to that of its species name.

Sample TOEFL Paired Choice Essay How do you Like to Travel

Sample TOEFL Paired Choice Essay How do you Like to Travel Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice EssayThe QuestionSome people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. (Adapted from a question in theOfficial TOEFL Guide).Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample EssayThese days tourism is bigger than ever, and everyone has their favorite travel style. Personally, I think it is a really wise idea to travel with a partner. I feel this way for two reasons, which I will explore in the following essay.First of all, going on a trip with a companion is more economical than vacationing alone. As a result of leisure travel becoming more and more popular, hotel operators have raised their prices to astronomical lev els. Discounts for solo travelers are fairly uncommon nowadays, so sharing a room with a friend is an effective way to cut costs. Not only that, but people traveling in pairs have better access to package deals on tours, entrance fees and other activities. My own experience is compelling evidence of this. When my girlfriend and I traveled together through Peru last year, we were able to rent an entire hotel room for less than the cost of two separate beds in a shared dorm. Over the course of our month-long trip, we saved several hundred dollars in this way. Because we saved so much money, we were able to change our plans and extend our trip for almost an entire week. Had we not taken the trip together, we would not have been able to do that. Moreover, it is much easier to talk to local people when traveling in a pair, and this makes a trip much more rewarding. While a lone stranger can be seen as intimidating, a traveling couple is often considered more approachable. For instance, w hen my girlfriend and I took the trip to South America that I mentioned above, we were often welcomed into people’s homes and businesses with open arms. The individuals who invited us often pointed out that they were willing to do so because we looked so happy, friendly and cheerful spending time together. In contrast, when I visited Bolivia by myself the previous year, I wanted to make the same kinds of connections, but it was almost impossible to achieve my goal. It is true that a solitary traveler may actually be quite kind and outgoing, this can be somewhat difficult to determine from a distance. In conclusion, I definitely prefer to travel with a companion rather than alone. This is because there are significant financial benefits of doing so, and because traveling with a partner makes it easy to interact with strangers. (402 words)Note:This is a sample TOEFL independent essay written by a native speaker. It follows our TOEFL writing templates for independent essays. If it is useful, please remember that we havemany more sample essaysfor you to read!

Article Report On Google s Article Article On Essay

How to Have Genuine Happiness at Every Stage of Your Life By Lara Helmling | Submitted On February 21, 2016 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Lara Helmling Some people wait for weekends while others wait for paydays. Some people love the company of a crowd while others want to spend their time alone. Some people want the limelight, and others just aim to create change to make a difference. Every individual seeks happiness in his own unique way. This is because happiness matters a lot to all of us. How people perceive happiness Happiness is a dependent emotion based on an individual s perspective. It is natural for us human beings to feel a wide range of emotions and defining happiness is not easy. Some people define happiness as a feeling when they get what they want, some see happiness when all things around them are exactly what they think they should be, while others define happiness as having internal peace. Happiness according to Experts Happiness is about being able to have the best times. 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Google claims in their mission statement that â€Å"Google’sRead MoreSocial Medi Marketing Considerations For Small Business Essay1222 Words   |  5 PagesSubmitted On February 29, 2012 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook 2 Share this article on Twitter 2 Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon 1 Share this article on Delicious 2 Share this article on Digg 2 Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Effie Cinanni Social media marketing, will it deliver results for my business? It s clear that social media has grown dramatically

Death Penalty - 1135 Words

English 1101 27 November 2012 The death penalty was reinstated in the United States in 1977, and since then murderers and rapist have been executed for the violent and harsh crimes they were found guilty of committing. In the past thirty years over 1,200 prisoners have been put to death for crimes in which they were convicted. The government of each state executes these prisoners by way of the electric chair, gas chamber, and the most common way lethal injection. A survey, from the Death Penalty Information Center, shows that over half of the citizens in the United States support the death sentence. Some supporter of the death penalty may even believe that sparing the guilty shows them mercy and the victims’ families no justice. If†¦show more content†¦The Death Penalty Information Center reports that â€Å"in Louisiana, the odds of a death sentence were 97% higher for those whose victims was white than for those whose victims was black.† A study in California found that those who kille d whites were over three times more likely to put to death than those who killed blacks and over 4 times more than those who killed Latinos (The Death Penalty Information Center). The pie chart below provided by Amnesty international USA displays the race of the victim in each execution case since 1977. The information displays that the race of the victim determines if the death sentence will be enforced. Although the three previous reasons are great reasons we should abolish the death penalty, none are greater than an innocent person could be executed. Since capital punishment was reinstated in 1977, over 120 people have been exonerated from the death row because they were found innocent of the crime they were once found guilty of committing. Therefore, how many mistakes have been made by the capital punishment system? Alexis Stodghill reports that Professor James Stodghill from Columbia University found in an execution study that 82% of death row inmates did not deserve the death penalty and one in twenty is later found not guilty.Show MoreRelatedPro Death Penalty Speech1482 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduce myself before we get started. My name is Slick Perry and if you didn’t already know, I am the state governor of Texas. You are all aware that we are reviewing our recidivism rate to various crimes and reviewing our stance regarding the death penalty as we approach 2009. Everyone here understands that capital punishment is a very controversial topic in the United States. 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Web Marketing for CVS Drugstore Free Essays

The web marketing would be the best option for CVS as it is one of the most effective and cost effective online marketing strategy (Businesswire. com, 2006). The following online marketing strategies can be used in the process to attract volume and quality to the online drug store of CVS. We will write a custom essay sample on Web Marketing for CVS Drugstore or any similar topic only for you Order Now CVS is apt at handling the online drugstore with efficient marketing techniques related to information recognition and spread. Click and Mortar delivery options: The marketing strategy at this point is to introduce several customer support options to address the customers issues related to timely delivery of the drugs. Other marketing strategy like online order tracking and easy payment methods would also serve a great strategy. Online order tracking mechanism would be quite helpful to any customer to know the status of the order and accordingly take action. This would also boost their confidence in handling their order. Flexible payment methods would encourage more customers to engage in the online operations. The marketing strategy at this point would be to incorporate several marketing techniques for widespread use. Online merchandising marketing strategy: The various analysis of the products and their category is essential to CVS as they would track at any point of time the various products that are selling presently and focus on the ones who needs a market yet. The marketing aspects at this stage would be to do some online marketing for the company in regard to various products which needs a push. The performance reasons for doing so would foster better sales of the products. Online banners specifically targeting some of the products would be circulated in the online trade centers, retail chains, other stores and so on. The primary activity in marketing at this point is to understand the customer’s needs and thus the analysis of products sale is essential element to this. Knowing the customer well The knowledge of the customers for the prospective CVS products and services were not analyzed correctly. It did not mature from the customer analysis and all efforts to fetch the right customer for the product were not arrived at. This point needs to be stressed severely for personalization benefits. Lack of technological understanding: The large spending of CVS towards making it a successfully integrated online drugs company by marketing it along ISP, mobile and broadband production business would result into large scale analysis and sale of the various marketing preferences enforced in practice. The media propagation and involvement of mobile technology would result in wide spread of the knowledge of CVS products and services. Evaluation of technology The 21st century marketing techniques would involve fetching the internet users an e-marketing solution which would involve promotion of various initiatives at a place which is largely accessible. Some technological aspects which can be considered are web 2. 0 techniques to penetrate into aspects where people meet at an internet social place. Podcasts With the incoming of iPods, this tool can be widely used for allowing product marketing. It originally called audio Blogs. The audio recordings in MP3 format. It can be played on desktop computer or other MP3 devices (most famous is Apple’s iPod MP3 player). CVS can use it to its advantage to announce its products. The podcasting is quite an effective way as this technology is largely spreading all over the globe for widespread communications. RSS feeds Timely delivery of message is very crucial for determining the right use of it. CVS can use it to its advantage in entailing a better perspective towards information use and retrieval. The user subscribes to â€Å"RSS feeds† from CVS website. The user then installs software called an â€Å"aggregator† or â€Å"feed reader† onto their computer. The software periodically checks for updates in RSS feeds from different subscribed to websites and updates user with info from the feed. One issue is that there are different RSS formats, and thus compatibility issues. The marketing techniques which can be used for CVS can be expressed using the following rules of information and technology literacy: 1. The ability to recognize a need for information 2. The ability to distinguish ways in which the information ‘gap’ may be addressed 3. The ability to construct strategies for locating information 4. The ability to locate and access information 5. The ability to compare and evaluate information obtained from different sources 6. The ability to organize, apply and communicate information to others in ways appropriate The basic use of technology would be to ascertain its effective use in business marketing and sales. The primary idea is to establish the various needs and ensure better framework of the idea. The web 2. 0 technology would ensure numerous impacts towards various business objectives (Berners, 2001). The specific E-marketing aspects would not only revolutionize the online presence but also ensure greater confidence among the stakeholders. The following can be enforced for the CVS drugstore: †¢ Incorporation of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) strategies – This can be well felt as search engines are optimized for the various tags. The SEO factors ensure better search results for all its services. The distinguishing point is that it is optimized for performance in Europe region more than all over the world due to the performance statistics (Strauss, 2005). †¢ Personalization of content: The extensive use of web 2. 0 strategies needs to be exploited at CVS to a large extent. The users would be able to organize information in accordance to their choices like mobile streaming and alert system The incorporation of online video streaming for various products and purchase over the internet would facilitate better use. References/Bibliography Andrews, Todd (2007). Breakthrough in Home Video: CVS/pharmacy Introduces World’s First Digital One-Time-Use Video Camcorder. Retrieved 2, April 2009 from http://www. prnewswire. com/cgi-bin/stories. pl? ACCT=109STORY=/www/story/06-06-2005/0003818095EDATE. Berners, T. Lee (2001). Weaving the Web. Orion Business Books. HarperCollins, New York. Businesswire. com (2006). CVS/pharmacy and Photo Channel Launch New Online Photo Service. Retrieved 2, April 2009 from http://www. allbusiness. com/retail/retailers-nonstore-retailers-mail-order-internet/5447368-1. html Strauss, Judy and Frost, Raymond (2005). â€Å"E-Marketing†, 4th Ed, Pearson Prentice Hall. How to cite Web Marketing for CVS Drugstore, Essays

Movie Critique Patch Adams Essay Sample free essay sample

Loosely based upon the true narrative of Virginia physician Hunter â€Å"Patch† Adams MD. the 1998 movie Patch Adams doubtless delivers good in footings of emotional and audience entreaty. Actor Robin Williams is absolutely cast as the off-beat and idealistic Dr. Patch Adams who is a steadfast truster in a working partnership between physician and patient every bit good as the usage of wit and individualized attacks in the intervention of patients. On the other terminal. back uping characters Mitch ( played by histrion Philip Seymour Hoffman ) and Dean Walcot ( Bob Gunton ) efficaciously represent the staid and traditional medical physicians who define medical specialty by faculty members and difficult nosed objectiveness. Commercially. the movie is effectual as a â€Å"feel good† play comedy with the right balance struck between the calamities of decease and unwellness and the zany jokes of Williams as clown physician Patch Adams. The character Patch Adams was a non-conformist who lived by his ain regulations. Some dark even say that his non-conforming attitude every bit good as his blatant neglect for protocol and tradition governing the medical school might be symptoms of an anti-social personality upset as mentioned in the library scene of the movie. Some may nevertheless reason that one can name it anti-social merely from the medical school’s point of position. In general and existent society nevertheless. the character Patch Adams is more of a â€Å"pro-social† individual. Pro-social people exhibit actions that are ever more for the good of others instead than one’s ego. The traits that distinguish them are their thrust to assist. attention. comfort. portion with and co-operate with others for the common good. ( Clarke 2 ) In other words. it is the complete anti-thesis of anti-social personality upsets particularly since the lone possible ( but insufficient ) symptom that Patch exhibits that may measure up for anti-social upset is his refusal to adhere to the medical school’s traditions. Plot wise the movie is good in the presentation of wit as a valid part in the betterment of a patient’s quality of life. The positive physiological and psychological responses to humour as evidenced by the rise of electrical activity in the encephalon. increased bosom rate without muscular strain. and decreases in emphasis anxiousness degrees have been well-documented by medical observations and surveies ( Szabo ) . The claim that wit in add-on to a more friendly and swearing relationship between wellness attention supplier and patient may make more than hurting slayers and medicine for the patient’s wellbeing is besides tenable. Studies show that patients who are unhappy tend to hold trouble in collaborating with their treating doctors every bit good as unconsciously inhibit their personal recovery ( â€Å"The American Psychotherapy Association the American Association of Integrative Medicine A ; the American College of Wellness Present the Evolution of Health Care: Unifying Mind. Body A ; Spirit† ) . Such is besides the premiss of holistic medical specialty that claims more than medical diagnosing and medicine. the relationship formed between handling physician and patient is a critical subscriber to â€Å"making the patient whole. and bring arounding or eliminating the disease. † ( Whorton 250 ) The thought of switching terminal of life attention for gerontologies and terminally sick patients from clinical isolation to a more humanistic and informal attack besides has its virtues particularly as more aged American citizens are populating out their last yearss at infirmaries and nursing places ( Lynn. and Adamson 1 ) . In his article for the Daily Herald that appeared in June 4. 2007. Dr. Patrick Massey admits. â€Å"quality of life at the terminal of life. historically. has non been a high precedence for traditional medical specialty. † ( Massey 6 ) While hurting which is a reasonably usual happening in geriatric attention may be controlled by hurting medicine. there are concerns that the side effects that come with such medicines may be more damaging to the patient’s comfort in the long tally ( 6 ) . The movie addresses this issue with scenes of the balloon campaign and spaghetti pool organized by Patch for two of the geriatric patients. every bit good as his efforts and eventual success in befriending the grouchy and terminally sick pancreatic malignant neoplastic disease patient Bill ( played by histrion Peter Coyote ) . There was besides the usage of wit employed in pulling out the character of Caryn ( played by Monica Potter ) who developed a distant and difficult personality following a childhood of sexual maltreatment as implied in the scene where she opens up to Patch about her long hatred for work forces. Wit is both an index and intervention of injury and emotional perturbations affecting involuntariness to pass on and avoidance. A person’s â€Å"humor ability† is linked to interpersonal emphasis. solitariness and security. Laugh and drama are activities that develop interpersonal and societal accomplishments ( Miczo ) . This is evidenced by the initial coldness exhibited by the character Caryn who finally opened up and learned to appreciate wit in the class of her work and relationship with Williams’ character Adams There are besides mentions to issues confronting today’s wellness attention industry. its bureaucratism and ruddy tape. Patch Adams’ motive in set uping a free community infirmary for those who have no wellness attention or insurance stemmed from his observation of how people were prevented from basking proper wellness attention. attending and aid with the many protocols associated with infirmaries and insurance. Murray and Jennings study that despite the consciousness of a demand for reform in wellness attention. people are still enduring in hurting and deceasing non because of inaccessibility of doctors or trouble medicine but instead through untrained doctors â€Å"unnecessary regulative ruddy tape. and fiscal barriers to hospice and palliative attention service. † ( Murray and Jennings ) While the movie made some reasonably good points on health care and the integrating of humanity into doctor-patient relationships. there are besides some points that were made more for dramatic consequence than truth and pragmatism. Viewing audiences will be good guided to pattern self-contemplation and rating. For case is the construct of â€Å"transference. † In the earlier portion of the film where Patch is seen to come in medical school. the objectiveness and distance practiced by physicians with their forbearance is explained as a safeguard against â€Å"transference. † In psychological science. transference is defined as a â€Å"transfer† of experiences within a relationship. Often. transference is spoken of in a romantic and titillating context wherein the patient â€Å"transfers† romantic feelings to a treating doctor. nurse of healer. Transference and its subsequent consequence of â€Å"counter transference† may do struggle and jobs in the manner a professional relationship is carried out. ( Jones ) In the movie. the character Adams is seen dodging the regulations set by the medical school and persisting in seeing and interacting with patients. even those who are terminally sick and would wish nil to make with him. While the narrative of Adams’ friendly relationship with Bill and his success in â€Å"treating† patients in the movie makes for good film screening. in existent life. wholly disregarding the system set in topographic point by the medical school every bit good as the larceny of medical supplies from the infirmary supply room are non precisely applaudable illustrations to put for would be medical practicians. ( Butts 146 ) Neither is the puting up of an unaccredited and uninsured medical installation where the physicians have non even completed their medical grades. Granted that the medical students/volunteers at Adams’ installation had their Black Marias in the right topographic point. there are malpractice Torahs and legislative acts that prohibit unaccredited medical professionals from practising medical specialty. To the film’s recognition there is an deduction albeit really little of Adams’ guilt and cognition that the decease of the character Caryn was due to the unstructured â€Å"medicine† that he was propounding. Harmonizing to the late Dr. Avedis Donabedian. one of America’s taking judges of wellness attention quality. quality attention is the combined consequence of a physician’s proficient proficiency and resonance with the patient ( Das. Schwartz. and Derenzo ) . Of the portion sing resonance. there is no inquiry that the character Adams has it in spades. The inquiry comes in the proficient proficiency as neither he nor the other voluntaries shown in the movie have received their medical grades. The menace of malpractice suits is non an idle one. Perceivers within the medical profession themselves have stated that some doctors have really implemented steps that protected them from possible suits but alienated their patients ( 1 ) . For illustration. in the scene at the diner where one of the friends Patch has made complained of paying for trials that ran up to about $ 200 that he considered unneeded in the intervention of his sprained mortise joint. Such pattern in the medical field has come to be known as â€Å"defensive medicine† where physicians order trials and processs with the aim of avoiding any possible malpractice suits ( 1 ) . There is besides the portraiture of self-mutilator â€Å"Larry† who sank into depression following his father’s decease and became a frequent visitant to the exigency room to hold his self-inflicted lesions treated. Larry is besides the character who would calculate in the shot of Caryn in a murder/suicide. Covering with and handling people who suffer from depression and exhibit self-injurious/mutilation Acts of the Apostless require particular accomplishments and preparation in guidance. Even the American Counseling Association’s ( ACA ) Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice province that counsellors must work merely â€Å"within the boundaries of their competence† as dictated by their experience. instruction. and preparation. ( White. Mccormick. and Kelly ) The manner the character Caryn responded to a call from a known depressive self-mutilator may look heroic and dedicated in the movie but exhaustively irresponsible for a medical practician particularly a yet unaccredited 1. This peculiar portion of the movie works great for play but gives viewing audiences the incorrect thought on how to manage mentally disturbed patients. The frequence of Larry’s visits to the ER with self-inflicted cuts coupled with depression and evident freak out are besides warning marks of a possible self-destruction ( Kress ) . In existent life. while nonvoluntary look intoing a suicide-risk patient in may be considered unethical. it is the medical practitioner/counselor’s responsibility to protect human life foremost and first ( White. Mccormick. and Kelly ) . Peoples such as Larry would non be left to travel place to an seemingly empty house. Overall. the film is good for amusement and even inspiration. While it presents some outstanding points with respect to the humanisation of the scientific discipline of medical specialty every bit good as reforms in the health care and doctor-patient relationships. it would be best to handle the movie as strictly amusement and see some of the issues presented as possible topics of argument and survey. Plants Cited â€Å"The American Psychotherapy Association the American Association of Integrative Medicine A ; the American College of Wellness Present the Evolution of Health Care: Unifying Mind. Body A ; Spirit. † Annalss of the American Psychotherapy Association 6. 2 ( 2003 ) : 18+ . Butts. Heather. â€Å"Movie Review: Spot Adams. †Journal of the National Medical Association 98 ( 2006 ) : 146. Clarke. David. Pro-Social and Anti-Social Behaviour. New York: Routledge. 2003. Das. Anand. Jack Schwartz. and Evan G. Derenzo. â€Å"True Risk Management: Physicians’ Liability Risk and the Practice of Patient-Centered Medicine. † Journal of Law and Health 18. 1 ( 2003 ) : 57+ . Jones. Alun C. â€Å"Transference and Countertransference. † Positions in Psychiatric Care 40. 1 ( 2004 ) : 13+ . Kress. Victoria E. White. â€Å"Self-Injurious Behaviors: Appraisal and Diagnosis. † Journal of Counseling and Development 81. 4 ( 2003 ) : 490+ . Lynn. Joanne. and David M. Adamson. Populating Well at the End of Life: Adapting Health Care to Serious Chronic Illness in Old Age / . Santa Monica. Calcium: Rand. 2003. Massey. Patrick B. â€Å"Taking a Closer Look at End-of-Life Care. † Daily Herald ( Arlington Heights. IL ) 4 June 2007: 6. Miczo. Nathan. â€Å"Humor Ability. Unwillingness to Communicate. Loneliness. and Perceived Stress: Testing a Security Theory. † Communication Studies 55. 2 ( 2004 ) : 209+ . Murray. Thomas H. . and Bruce Jennings. â€Å"The Quest to Reform End of Life Care: Rethinking Premises and Puting New Directions. † The Hastings Center Report 35. 6 ( 2005 ) : 52+ . Patch Adams. Dir. Tom Shadyac. Perf. Robin Williams. Monica Potter. Daniel London. Philip Seymour Hoffman. Bob Gunton. Peter Coyote. VCD. Universal Studios. 1999. Szabo. Attila. â€Å"The Acute Effects of Humor and Exercise on Mood and Anxiety. † Journal of Leisure Research 35. 2 ( 2003 ) : 152+ . White. Victoria E. . Laura J. Mccormick. and Brandy L. Kelly. â€Å"Counseling Clients Who Self-Injure: Ethical Considerations. † Counseling and Values 47. 3 ( 2003 ) : 220+ . Whorton. James C. Nature Cures: The History of Alternative Medicine in America. New York: Oxford University Press. 2004.

Health Care Financial Accounting

Packet Generator essays

Packet Generator essays When it comes to real-world network throughput, there are as many opinions about network performance as there are network installations. Every network site is unique, and the performance of the network is a function of the number of stations contending for access to the Ethernet, the type of hardware in use (station interfaces, switches), the layout of the cables (are they the right type, right length, and do they meet the configuration guidelines?), the quality of the cable installation and the mix of applications. However, with the ever-increasing number of networks, the traffic over the Internet is going to be saturated and performance will be down. In light of this problem, the testing, simulating and troubleshooting of a network device become very important. Therefore, in order to develop a more efficient and effective method, the project's goals is To provide the users more functions and flexibility in terms of the packet arrival pattern and the packet size generation. To assess network or the network component's ability to support the given traffic load in terms of packet loss, delay, delay jitters etc. To source and sink real-time multicast/unicast UDP/IP traffic flows with optional support for operation with ISI's "rsvpd". To transmit, receive and log time-stamped, sequence numbered packets. To provide a traffic controller using the Leaky Bucket method. Informations Technology personnel often look to network benchmark tests to measure monitor and predict the performance of the LANs. This is especially valuable in the case of high-performance backbones that continually support a large number of users and consistently high traffic volumes. However, the current technology of packet generator is very limited in functionality and usage. The project will aim to increase the flexibility of the packet generator in the following areas: ...

Mergers and Acquisitions History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mergers and Acquisitions History - Essay Example This paper seeks to explore mergers and acquisitions as well as their inherent benefits and drawbacks. These business practices will also be examined in the context of foreign interaction. There are some sensible reasons for executing mergers and acquisitions (M&As). The most obvious reason is profitability. "Deals can be worth hundreds of millions, or even billions, of dollars. They can dictate the fortunes of the companies involved for years to come. For a CEO, leading an M&A can represent the highlight of a whole career" (http://www.investopedia.com/university/mergers/, 2007). Another sensible reason is the gain of power by way of absorption. Absorption involves the securing of a competitor's resources which, in turn, increases the absorbing company's clout and influence. The final reason, for purposes of this analysis, is for companies to gain more appeal in the international market. If foreign investors can be persuaded to contribute to a particular company, that company's economic success can be significantly enhanced. There are also some dubious reasons that come with the M&A game. One major obstacle is the time factor. The process of securing M&As can take considerable time to complete. Negotiations may fall through and/or companies may not be willing to engage in tedious legal wrangling. Another dubious reason is the inadequate protection from the law. Depending upon the state in which the companies operate, the law may or may not fully protect either one in terms of unfair business practices or hostile takeovers. Cash transactions are one way to effectuate a merger or acquisition. In these types of transactions, a company can seize some or all of another company's assets. This can be beneficial in that tangible property can be assimilated into a company's operation. However, "a cash purchase will be a taxable merger, whereas a stock exchange will not be taxable. In a taxable merger, there are capital gains effects and asset write-up effects to consider" (highered.mcgraw-hill.com, 2007). Stock transactions are another way to effectuate a merger or acquisition. In these types of transactions, the interest of shareholders comes in to play. In stock transactions, shareholders still retain their interest; it just gets transferred to the absorbing company. One glowing, positive benefit of these transactions is the tax consideration. "Certain exchanges of stock are considered tax-free reorganizations, which permit the owners of one company to exchange their shares for the stock of the acquirer without paying taxes" (www.referenceforbusiness.com, 2007). The major disadvantage of this arrangement is that there is usually no transfer of tangible assets which, in turn, will not yield a transfer of title. When merging with or acquiring an organization in another country, there are some risks that must be strongly considered. Arguably, the most significant risk encompasses this consideration: "A short history of precedent M&A activity and minimal financial disclosure pose various valuation issues; this is often compounded by unrealistic valuation expectations on the part of vendors" (www.ey.com, 2007). Companies that are interested in immersing themselves in foreign markets must thoroughly research economic trends and general business practices. Another serious risk is the

Starting Up A Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Starting Up A Business - Essay Example In the current business world, many regulations have been put to ensure that good business practices are maintained. According to Sarbanes Oxley (SOX) (2004), such regulations include the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that was enacted to enhance corporate transparency that would reduce cases of fraud and corruption. Therefore conforming to these regulations will help the business to be more accountable for its actions and financial statements being more reliable. The business will gain public confidence if such regulations are complied with.However, the cost of conforming to these regulations may be a challenge to the business since it will be very costly. For example, conforming to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will enhance transparency in the business and hence the public will have confidence in it. This may not be felt immediately and therefore the business will enjoy the benefits after some time, say three to five years. These regulations also have an effect on decision-making. This is because, fo r every decision made, it has to match the standards of the regulatory framework hindering the flexibility in decision-making. This paper has concluded that starting up a business venture may be a challenging task considering the formalities involved, finding a source of capital and conforming to the regulations in the business environment. Starting up a business involves many activities but also operating the business is another task that if not well coordinated, may lead to the low performance of the business.

History of Gout Research

History of Gout Research Hyperuricemia is a biochemical defect distinguished by Serum uric acid (sUA) level greater than 6.8mg/dl (Sunkureddi et al. 2006). In majority of cases (90%), hyperuricemia arise due to reduced excretion of uric acid by kidneys, whereas in residual cases (10%), there is enlarged production of uric acid (Canella et al. 2005). . Gout is an illness that is correlated to overload synthesis, and deposition of uric acid crystals. These crystals form secondary to hyperuricemia that is a serum urate concentration greater than 0.42 mmol/L (Eggebeen et al. 2007; Chen et al. 2008). Hyperuricemia and gout are significantly high risks for kidney or bladder stones (urolithiasis).The prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia among US adults in 2007–2008 was 3.9% (Zhu et al. 2011) while 18% observed in the German population (Mikuls et al. 2007). They are highly prevalent and have treatment preposition beyond the care of inflamed joints. Gouty arthritis were amongst the initial disease to be documented in clinical entity, Identified by the Egyptians in 2640 BC (Nuki et al. 2006), podagra (acute gout stirring in the first metatarsophalangeal joint) was later on recognized by Hippocrates in the fifth century BC, who termed as ‘the unwalkable disease’. Some of Hippocrates’ outstanding clinical perception in relation to gout are potted in aphorisms, which are as accurate today as they were 2500 years ago (Hippocrates et al. 1886). Hippocrates also distinguished the connection between the disease and an unbalanced lifestyle referring to podagra as ‘arthritis of the rich’, as contrasting to rheumatism, an arthritis of the deprived people There are the four differents stages that medical professionals use to classify for the gout. The Asymptomatic gout, The Acute gout ,The Chronic goutand The Interval or intercritical goutIn asymptomatic goutthere is increase in the level of uric acid with the complaint of increase in the pain in the joints and there is no more symptoms. In acute gout this patients have too much pain in their joints and there is a swelling and assiated with the redness of joints.90% of patients have attack on their big toe. Other joints involved are ankle,midfoot heel and knee but any joints can be involved. The attack with gout can be resolved within one or two days. In the interval gout stage there is acute gouty flares and the patients has no symptoms.there is increase in the number of gouty attack if the uric acid level below 6 mg/dl .the most of patients have attack but they have never exprinced another attack of gout, Chornic gout develops because of high level of uric acid in their body for man y years.firm nodular swelling is called tophi.the tophi can occurs anywhere the most common location are antihelix and helix of ear,digits of feet and hands. (Hench et al.1936; Nakayama et al. 1984). It is estimated that the incidence and prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in the USA are over 6 and 42 million, respectively, with a progressively increasing pattern and affecting mainly men over the age of 40 years (Lawrence et al. 2008). The rate of gout in African living in America is generally about 13% of the US population, and is double in comparison with Caucasians to develop gout. In a prospective cohort study, young men 571 Caucasian and 352 African living in America were followed for a mean duration of 29 years. The growing incidence of gout in these 2 cohorts was 5.8% and 10.9%, correspondingly. Yet, African living in America represent only 10% of the patients treated for gout.(Alvin et al2012) All the way through history gout has been linked with rich foods and extreme alcohol consumption. Because it is evidently connected with a way of life that, at least in the past, could only be afforded bythe rich, gout has been referred to as the ‘disease of kings’. In some eras gout was apparent as publicly desirable because of its occurrence among the politically and socially influential people. In his typical monograph on the history of gout (Copeman et al. 1964), Copeman refers to a comment in the London Timesin 1900, â€Å"The common cold is well named, but the gout seems right away to lift up the patient’s social status†, and to another in Punch in 1964, â€Å"In observance with the spirit of moredemocratic times, gout is becoming less upper-class and is now open to all. It is preposterous that a man should be barred from enjoying gout because he went to the wrong school.† In history, gout has been well thought-out to be primarily a male disease, But actuality that women can also develop gout was first documented through the reign of Nero (AD 54–68) by Seneca, who observed, in this age, women competitor men in every kind of lasciviousness. Why require we then be astonished at considering so many of the female sex afflicted with the gout (Froster et al 1979). In the current era, although gout remains first and foremost a disease of men in middle age, it has turn out to be more and more frequent in women, predominantly after the menopause.( Hench et al.1936; Nakayama et al. 1984). The ancestral connection of gout was documented hundreds of years ago but important the exact genetic mechanisms weren’t achievable until the arrival of modern genetic tools. Gout was incorporated as an inherited disorder in the seminal work of Archibald E. Garrod in his 1931 publication on inborn errors in metabolism. Garrod well thought-out gout to be a dominantly inherited trait.(Gray et al 2012) In earlier times, attacks of gout were also seen as a prophylactic against more serious diseases. According to the writer Horace Walpole gout â€Å"prevents other illnesses and prolongs life might I treat that gout, should not I have a fever, palsy (Lewis et al. 1873),. In recent decades, however, the diet and lifestyle that predispose persons to hyperuricemia and gout have become all the time more common. The role of excess nutritional purines (derived from meat, seafood, and beer) in the progress of gout is illustrated by the difference between the incidence of gout in Asia and Europe. Traditional Asian diets, based on rice and vegetables, are small in dietary purines, and gout has been moderately rare in these cultures. In contrast, European and American diets, which are high in meat and definite sea foods, are linked with hyperuricemia and gout (Choi et al. 200; Zollner et al. 1973). Rising affluence has also led to an increase in the figure of people following a westernized diet and lifestyle, and this has been paralleled by an increase in the occurrence and incidence of gout throughout the world. Purines are machinery of nucleosides, the structure blocks of DNA and RNA. Purine nucleosides are used in the formation of other metabolically significant factors as well, such asadensosinetriphosphate, S-adeneosylmethione, and nicotineadeninedinucleotide. Given the significance of purine-containing molecules for continued existence, vertebrates, including humans, have developed robust mechanism for producing enough purine nucleosides for their metabolism using willingly available materials (such as glucose, glycine, and glutamine), as well as recycling purine nucleosides from all through the body or from the diet (Richette et al; Wilson et al. 2010). Purines can be divided into two types Endogenouspurines are manufactured within human cells. And exogenouspurines are obtained from foods. In mammals, surplus purine nucleosides are detached from the body by collapse in the liver and excretion from the kidneys. For most mammals, the purines are first transformed into the transitional uric acid, which is then metabolized by the enzymeuricaseinto the compound allantoin. Allantoin is a very soluble compound that can without difficulty pass through the bloodstream, become clean by the kidneys, and be excreted from the body. In dissimilarity to other mammals, humans and other primates lack a serviceable uricase enzyme, and can only break purines down into uric acid. The procedure of breaking down purines results in the configuration of uric acid in the humans body is not as easy to detached, because human body lack uricase, and that can build up in body tissues. The levels of uric acid in the blood depend on 2 factors. The first is the rate of uric acid synthesis in the liver. While uric acid consequences from purine degradation, its levels are influenced by both the amount of purines synthesized in the body, as well as the amounts of purines absorbed from the diet The second determinant of blood uric acid levels is the rate of uric acid excretion from the kidneys. The residual uric acid travels all the way through the intestines, where bacteria help break it down (Richette et al. 2010). Excretion has the maximum effect on blood uric acid levels, with about 90% of hyperuricemia cases attributed to impaired renal excretion (Choi et al. 2005). Impaired excretion is most often due to abnormality in the kidney urate carrier or organic ion transporter, both of which control the movement of uric acid out of proximal kidney tubules and into urine (Enomoto A et al. 2002). The treatment of gout consists of controlling the pain, Reducing the serum urate levels, changing unhealthy life styles, preventing the complications of chronic gout. (Schumacher et al 2008) By changing the life style because unhealthy life style will result increase hypertension,hyperlipidemia and obesity,by controlling diet of purine consumption causes significant decrease in the serum urate level but the greater decrease is seen in those patients who have stop the alcohol consumption in their diet (choi et al 2005) There are number of ways to reduced the sUA level.the best way is too control the diet,but sometime along with the drugs.sometime these drug are very effective and reduced the sUA very quickly. (choi hk et al 2008) Following drugs are also used to lower sUA level urate levels: Uricosuric agents (ii) Allopurinol and Febuxostat: Uricosuric agents:  Two drugs that belong to this group are benzbromane and probencid.these two are weal organic acid and lower the sUA level,by inhibition of tublar rebsorptionof urate in the renal tubular system and increasing uric acid in the urine. These agents are indicated when the renal execration of urate are decreased.it is contraindicated in patient with renal calculi(Alvin et al 2012). Two drugs that belong to xanthine oxidiase inhibitor are Allopurinol and Febuxostat. Xanthine oxidase inhibitor along with uricosuric agent are used to increase the urinary execration of urate .The two drugs Febuxostat and Allopurinolare used to lower the sUA level and their Xanthine oxidase xanthine oxidase is the only enzyme that break down the purine bases and catalyze the conservation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and the xanthine to uric acid .then uric acid normally excerated .this enzyme deficiency is may be due to the gentic factor, sometime more consumtion of purine food and less production of enzyme.If any drug that is metabolized by xanthine oxidased,its action is increased by Allopurinol drug llike mercaptopurine FEBUXOSTAT: Febuxostatis a urate decreasing drug and inhibitor of xanthine oxidase so that is used in the treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout (Grosser T et al. 2011). Febuxostat was approved by the European Medicines Agency on April 21, 2008and after one year it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on February 16, 2009 Febuxostat lowers sUA concentrations by acting on the purine catabolism, the mechanism of action is oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid(Becker et al. 2005). . it is structurally quite different from Allopurinol, has an different mechanism of action on enzyme inhibition, and is more potent.Unlike Allopurinol, that undergoes oxidation to the active metabolite oxypurinol and interacts chemically with the molybdenum center of xanthine oxidase, Febuxostat remains unchanged and inhibits xanthine oxidase by binding in a narrow channel leading to the molybdenum center of the enzyme. By this mechanism, Febuxostat is able to inhibit both the reduced and oxidized form of xanthine oxidase to produce sustained reductions in sUA levels. (Beckar et al 2010) The capability of humans and primates to protect blood levels of uric acid (due to slow kidney filtration and lack of a uricase enzyme) was probably useful to our evolution, by increasing antioxidant capacity of the blood (Alvarez-Lario et al. 2011). Vitamin.C Humans and primates are one of the few mammals that cannot produce their own vitamin c( vit.c), and may have evolve the capability to protect uric acid to reimburse for this (Hediger MA et al. 2002). For example, blood uric acid levels in humans are in general about 6 times that of vit.c, and about ten times the levels in other mammals (Roch-Ramel F et al. 1999). Like vit.c, uric acid has a principle role in shielding high-oxygen tissues (like the brain) from spoil, and low blood uric acid levels have been linked with the succession or greater than before risk of more than a few neurological disorders, including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Keizmann D et al. 2009), Multiple sclerosis (Rentzos M et al. 2006), and Huntingtons (Auinger P et al. 2010), Parkinsons (Andreadou E et al. 2009), and Alzheimers diseases (Kim TS et al. 2006).

Factors Affecting Selection of Brand Ambassador Essay

Factors to be considered while choosing right brand ambassador In collaboration with Claudia de Pretto, e-Luxury Specialist at IC-Agency Global companies have long understood the power and impact of associating popular personalities with their brand name and products. Most will agree that a successful brand ambassador can make or break a new product launch, or even catapult a company into a new era of exponential revenues after a long drought of fading brand clout. But these days choosing a brand ambassador isn’t what it used to be. Now, with the rapid diffusion of information made possible through the Internet, companies are seeing the dangers of making hasty decisions to link their products to public figures. In the past, reputations were not etched in stone, but were relatively stable and slow to change. Conversely, these days what goes around still comes around, only now this happens at the speed of light and travels to the ends of the world. More than just a pretty face In the watch industry, brand ambassadors have proven themselves a weighty yet worthy investment. Whether on the playing field, in the arts or simply in the world of beautiful people, brand ambassadors have measurable positive impact on a company’s bottom line. But their influence can be short-lived, and being in the public eye makes them the perfect target for increased scrutiny and attacks on their reputation. Traditional popularity life cycles have been distorted by the global reach of the Internet. What’s more, country variances in consumer opinion, rumours and scandals can be exposed and spread at a phenomenal rate. Too many variables, too little time So, given the investment, vulnerability and revenue-generating potential riding on the decision, how do watchmakers choose? Surprisingly, most brands admit to a selection process that combines a mix of networking, personal contacts and traditional market research, with a dab of ‘CEO’ feeling to finalize the decision. While this approach has produced some highly recognized success stories, companies have little information to address some tough issues: how long will this sports star’s winning streak last? What specific consumer groups emulate this model? What are this actor’s political affiliations? What stereotypes surround this individual? Selection, validation and reporting – minimizing risk and maximizing return By gathering insights on proposed ambassadors in key markets in the online arena, some visionary companies are now making more informed and successful choices. Upstream, using online strategic insights in the initial selection process generates higher quality short-lists, minimizes risk, and makes the selection process and media planning more efficient and successful. Further downstream popularity, reach, brand recall and campaign timing are confirmed through country-specific monitoring of an ambassador’s impact and reputation. Moreover, having access to a measure of a potential ambassador’s reach and clout in key markets can serve as an excellent negotiating tool. And making the right choice from the start will protect a company from the costly legal fees involved in prematurely ending a contract. Proactively influencing the conversion process The primary role of the brand ambassador is to personify the values intrinsic to the brand and evoke the dreams associated with owning the product. As such, he or she must demonstrate a trend of increasing popularity and notoriety in the markets where the advertising and promotion will be visible in order to reach the projected target groups effectively. In the pre-Internet era, the notoriety of the ambassador would be the magnet to attract a qualified target group to appropriate the brand. The conversion process would start with a prospect’s desire to purchase a certain type of product. The consumer’s ultimate choice of brand and model would then be influenced to some degree by identification with the brand ambassador. Now, the advent of online technologies has added another dimension to the equation. Whereas in the past the brand ambassador’s impact was more to confirm a specific brand or model, now it can serve to evoke awareness of the existence of a product, stimulate desire to purchase, then convert. Online, a well-chosen brand ambassador can awaken desire for a product in previously ‘uninterested’ consumers through generic searches on the ambassador’s name or associated activities. In this way, not only direct keyword searches on the brand or product lead to conversions, but non-product-related searches as well. Online, it is the ambassador’s ‘aura’ that acts as the magnet to attract a target group to desire and appropriate the product. The Internet creates propitious ‘product placement’ opportunities to build on the emotion and psychological impulse associated with emulation of the brand ambassador. By means of an innocent forum search, an overzealous fan can be diverted onto the company website and transformed into a passionate consumer with just a few clicks of the mouse. The right choice and the right management Adopting a brand ambassador in the watch industry has become more than an accepted practice. Now with mounting competition and global distribution, it’s time for proactive watchmakers to move beyond name-dropping and capitalize on their investments. By integrating online insights into the selection and validation process, marketers can advance to the next level of campaign optimization, seizing every opportunity to promote the ambassador-product association for maximum return. And with the current trend of asking the Internet public for marketing and innovative product ideas, we can expect the next generation of brand ambassadors to be chosen and promoted by online communities themselves. New game, new rules†¦ How one visionary watchmaker stays on target – Raymond Weil and Charlize Theron In collaboration with IC-Agency, a Geneva-based Internet specialist, independent watchmaker Raymond Weil is monitoring the impact of its ambassador campaigns in key markets. The agency’s proprietary technologies, IC-DemandTracker and IC-Insights, are allowing its clients to evaluate and optimize campaign effectiveness: has the product been successfully linked to the ambassador? How have popularity ratings evolved since the onset of the collaboration? Which countries are best responding to the campaign and when? For IC-Agency, this proactive management is the wave of the future for companies to fully exploit endorsement opportunities and get the best return on investment. (P. M. ) Exploiting the popularity life cycle online Online communities could help companies promote new products through a type of ‘viral marketing’. By capitalizing on interest-led online searches, entire online consumer communities can be moved to federate around an ambassador-associated product. In turn, these communities propagate the dream via their own online ‘hype’ and spread their influence via privileged personal networks. Targeting audiences already devoted to their chosen ambassador means that companies can maximize their return on investment and more quickly amortize media production costs and ambassador fees. Depending on the demographics of the target audience, marketers can use online channels such as ethnic, music, or sports communities to get their message to the most influential consumers at the most opportune time.

An analysis of the childrens aid society and its contributions to the community Essay

Evaluation of Children’s Aid Society Mission Statement The Children’s Aid Society is a 501Â ©3 children’s services agency that helps children in poverty to succeed and thrive. They do this by providing comprehensive support to children and their families living in high needs New York City neighborhoods (website). This organization has developed services that ensure children have access to programs that promote health and wellness as well as social-emotional development skills. They also strive to make sure that children attend college. The Form 990 on page 2 does not provide any further detailed information. With the available information from the mission statement on the website, as well as Form 990 part I and III, it is difficult to evaluate this nonprofit organization’s mission. The quality and the quantity of the available information from the website, and Form 990 is difficult to evaluate because the mission statement was not stated in the annual report. The Children’s Aid Society provides information about its programs on their website. The Form 990 and the annual report are very similar because it is almost the same information. They provide numbers about how many people they serve and the impact the programs have on the children and families. The website and the annual report 2013 both mention this information. Effectiveness From the information obtained, the website provides the effectiveness of the programs from the website, the annual report and the Form 990. The programmatic goals state how many children receive service from various programs. The website provides the number of children served by the organization. The Children’s Aid Society has three major programs that include Early Childhood (0-5), School Age (5-13), and Adolescence (14-18). Early Childhood- The program’s goals are preparing young children for school success through physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development. The core services they provide are Early Head Start for children ages 0-3, and Head Start and Early Learn Day Care for ages 3-5. School Age- The program’s goal is to promote physical, social, and emotional well-being as key factors for high school graduation and college success. This program serves to engage children, families, schools, and communities through a focus on academics, services, support, and opportunities. The core services include out-of-school time programs in Children’s Aid Community Centers and schools, summer camps, athletics, and the national center for community schools that provide assistance to developing a community school model nationally and internationally. Adolescence-The goals of this program are to enhance young people’s physical, social, and emotional competencies as well as improving their academic performance and preparing them for successful careers and gaining financial independence. According to the Form 990, the core services that the organization provides are the Carrera adolescent pregnancy prevention program, which meets the top-tier evidence of effectiveness standards by the coalition for evidence-based policy. The EXCEL college support program assists young people to enter and complete college. The HOPE Leadership Academy provides wrap-around support and develops leadership through a peer education model. They also provide teen employment services such as AmeriCorps internships and the summer youth employment program. Efficiency From the information obtained from the three sources, it is very difficult to determine whether these programs have been efficient in the programs that they administer. After looking into the Form 990, there is no available information about the total costs per person in the programs provided. The three most expensive programs are school age, adolescence, and early childhood. School-age- The total cost of this program is $18,843,068. In Form 990 on page 2, the organization mentions that its goal is promoting physical, social and emotional well-being. However, they do not mention any specific programs. In the annual report, it states that they provide health services to about 4,000 children through school-based health clinics. They do not provide costs for each child served by the school-based health clinics. The annual report also states that the Office of Client Advocacy helped 345 clients avoid eviction. There is no information on the program information in Form 990, pg 2. Adolescence- The total cost of this program is $15,402, 365. In Form 990, page 2 mentions Carrera-Adolescent Prevention Program but does not provide any further information on the number of people served and the costs. The annual report also does not state how many adolescents were served and at what cost. However, the annual report states that the program reduced teen pregnancy by 50 percent. The EXCEL college support program does not provide information on the number of students served as well as how much it costs. The annual report states that more than 90 percent of EXCEL students graduate high school and go on to college. There is no information on how many students are in the program. The quality and the quantity of available information is not very satisfying because there should be detailed information on the exact costs of each major program within the program. Early Childhood- The total cost of this program is $11,612,396. According to the Form 990 page 2, the organization mentions the Early Head Start program. The program provides numbers on its website stating that each family receives a minimum of 32 home visits a year for 90 minutes each. However, it does not state the number of families served. The 2013 annual report does not contain any specific numbers about the program. The quality and quantity of available information are not satisfying because there are no exact costs of how much program costs. According to the nonprofit’s annual report, the management and general administration costs increased to $7,378 in 2012 compared to $6,546 in 2011. This organization increased its expenses, which means that they are spending money on ways to increase mission impact and evaluate programs that may or may not work. The costs of the programs from the Form 990 do not match the financial statement in the annual report. In Form 990, it states larger expanses and is not specific about where the money went. In the annual report, the expenses are more specific but the costs seem to be smaller in Form 990. This shows that the organization is not efficient in its programs. It also shows that they may not have provided other essential information. Governance The Form 990 claims that the Children’s Aid Society has a governing body where the organization documents all meetings. It also states that the committees have the authority to represent the organization on behalf of the governing body. This organization also has different policies. The two main policies that it has based on Form 990 are the whistleblower policy and the written document retention and destruction policy. The Form 990 states that the organization consists of 31 Board Members. These members also have the power to elect other members to the governing body. The Children’s Aid Society has executive centrality governance. Finances The organizations current total revenue is $117,154,454 and its current total expense is $121,692,560. This organization is running a deficit rather than a surplus. The organization is losing its revenue stream and its assets will not cover it for a long time. The organization is fiscally unsustainable. The organization has net unrestricted assets total of $258,063,545 and its restricted assets is a total of $13,848,823. According to the Form 990, the organization received a total of $31,966,571 in contributions and grants. However, it only spent $31,966,571 on fundraising expenses. After dividing the expenses by costs, a total cost of raising a dollar was .09, which is very low. The salary of the Chief Executive Officer is $408,431.00 and it is too much. The average salary according to www.payscale.com states that the average salary is $100,000 for a Chief Executive Officer of a nonprofit organization. After calculating the organization’s program expanse it came up to be .88 ratio from dividing its total program service expenses by its total functional expenses. After analyzing the Children’s Aid Society, I determined that this organization is not worthy of a significant contribution because it is not transparent in providing information to the public. Even though it has a high mission impact in helping children get out of poverty, financially it is starting to become unsustainable in its assets and revenues. This shows that the organization is mismanaging its finances spending. This organization does not earn the seal of approval because the potential donor wants to donate to an organization that is impact-oriented and achieves results cost-effectively, which this organization does not achieve.

Biography of Fences Playwright August Wilson

Award-winning playwright August Wilson had no shortage of fans during his life, but his writing enjoyed renewed interest after a film adaptation of his play â€Å"Fences† opened in theaters on Christmas Day 2016. The critically acclaimed film not only earned kudos for stars Viola Davis and Denzel Washington, who also directed, but exposed new audiences to Wilson’s work as well. In each of his plays, Wilson shined a spotlight on the lives of the working class African Americans overlooked in society. With this biography, learn how Wilson’s upbringing influenced his major works. Early Years August Wilson was born April 27, 1945, in Pittsburgh’s Hill District, a poor black neighborhood. At birth, he bore his baker father’s name, Frederick August Kittel. His father was a German immigrant, known for his drinking and temper, and his mother, Daisy Wilson, was African American. She taught her son to stand up to injustice. His parents divorced, however, and the playwright would later change his surname to his mother’s, for she was his primary caregiver. His father did not have a consistent role in his life and died in 1965. Wilson experienced fierce racism attending a succession of nearly all-white schools, and the alienation he felt as a result eventually led him to drop out of high school at 15. Leaving school did not mean Wilson had given up on his education. He decided to educate himself by regularly visiting his local library and voraciously reading the offerings there. A self-taught education proved fruitful for Wilson, who would earn a high school diploma due to his efforts. Alternatively, he learned important life lessons by listening to the stories of the African Americans, mostly retirees and blue-collar workers, in the Hill District. A Writer Gets His Start By 20, Wilson decided that he would be a poet, but three years later he developed an interest in theater. In 1968, he and his friend Rob Penny started the Black Horizons on the Hill Theater. Lacking a place to perform, the theater company staged its productions at elementary schools and sold tickets for just 50 cents by herding in passersby outside just before the shows started. Wilson’s interest in theater waned, and it wasn’t until he moved to St. Paul, Minn., in 1978 and began adapting Native American folktales into childrens plays that he renewed his interest in the craft. In his new city, he began to recall his old life in the Hill District by chronicling the experiences of the residents there in a play, which developed into â€Å"Jitney.† But Wilson’s first play staged professionally was â€Å"Black Bart and the Sacred Hills,† which he wrote by piecing together several of his old poems.    Lloyd Richards, the first black Broadway director and dean of the Yale School of Drama, helped Wilson refine his plays and directed six of them. Richards was artistic director of Yale Repertory Theater and head of the Eugene ONeill Playwrights Conference in Connecticut to which Wilson would submit the work that made him a star, â€Å"Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom.† Richards gave Wilson guidance on the play and it opened at the Yale Repertory Theatre in 1984. The New York Times described the play as â€Å"a searing inside account of what white racism does to its victims.† Set in 1927, the play details the rocky relationship between a blues singer and a trumpet player. In 1984, â€Å"Fences† premiered. It takes place in the 1950s and chronicles the tensions between a former Negro leagues baseball player working as a garbage man and the son who also dreams of an athletic career. For that play, Wilson received the Tony Award and the Pulitzer Prize. The playwright followed up â€Å"Fences† with â€Å"Joe Turners Come and Gone,† which takes place in a boardinghouse in 1911. Among Wilson’s other key works is The Piano Lesson, the story of siblings fighting over a family piano in 1936. He received his second Pulitzer for that 1990 play. Wilson also wrote Two Trains Running, Seven Guitars, King Hedley II, Gem of the Ocean and Radio Golf, his last play. Most of his plays had Broadway debuts and many were commercial successes. Fences, for example, boasted earnings of $11 million in one year, a record at that time for a nonmusical Broadway production. A number of celebrities starred in his works. Whoopi Goldberg acted in a revival of Ma Raineys Black Bottom in 2003, while Charles S. Dutton starred in both the original and the revival. Other famous actors who’ve appeared in Wilson productions include S. Epatha Merkerson, Angela Bassett, Phylicia Rashad, Courtney B. Vance, Laurence Fishburne and Viola Davis. In total, Wilson received seven New York Drama Critics Circle awards for his plays. Art for Social Change Each of Wilson’s works describes the struggles of the black underclass, be they sanitation workers, domestics, drivers or criminals. Through his dramas, which span different decades of the 20th century, the voiceless have a voice. The plays expose the personal turmoil the marginalized endure because their humanity all too often goes unrecognized by their employers, by strangers, by family members and America overall. While his plays tell the stories of an impoverished black community, there’s a universal appeal to them as well. One can relate to Wilson’s characters in the same way one can relate to the protagonists of Arthur Miller’s works. But Wilson’s plays stand out for their emotional gravitas and lyricism. The playwright didn’t want to gloss over the legacy of slavery and Jim Crow and their impact on his character’s lives. He believed that art was political but didn’t consider  his own plays to be explicitly political. I think my plays offer (white Americans) a different way to look at black Americans, he told The Paris Review  in 1999. For instance, in ‘Fences they see a garbage man, a person they dont really look at, although they see a garbage man every day. By looking at Troys life, white people find out that the content of this black garbage mans life is affected by the same things - love, honor, beauty, betrayal, duty. Recognizing that these things are as much part of his life as theirs can affect how they think about and deal with black people in their lives.† Illness and Death Wilson died of liver cancer on Oct. 2, 2005, at the age of 60 in a Seattle hospital. He had not announced that he was suffering from the disease until a month before his death. His third wife, costume designer Constanza Romero, three daughters (one with Romero and two with his first wife) and several siblings survived him. After he succumbed to cancer, the playwright continued to receive honors. The Virginia Theater on Broadway announced that it would bear Wilson’s name. Its new marquee went up two weeks after his death.